Pension
The retirement age in Russia for 2024-2025 is 63 for men and 58 for women (the retirement age will gradually increase to 65 for men and 60 for women by 2028). Employees must be insured for at least 15 years to be eligible for a retirement pension. The old-age pension is the sum of the insured's pension points multiplied by the pension point's value in the year the pension is claimed plus a basic flat-rate benefit. The flat-rate benefit is adjusted for pensioners with disabled dependent family members and pensioners who have worked in the Far North.
Russia also has a social pension plan where non-working persons who have reached the age of 65 years (men) or 60 years (women) receive a fixed amount from the government, adjusted every year.
Dependents/Survivors Benefits
Russia's Pension Fund provides for pensions to survivors in case of death of the head of a household. The following persons are considered survivors:
- Children, sisters, brothers, and grandchildren of the deceased who have not reached the age of 18 years or are enrolled in full-time education until the age of 23 years, or are disabled
- The parents and the spouse of the deceased, if they have reached the age of 65 (men) and 60 (women) or are disabled
- The deceased's grandfather and grandmother, if they have reached the age of 65 (men) and 60 (women) or are disabled
The pension for survivors is equal to the sum of the insured's pension points multiplied by the pension point's value in the year the pension is claimed plus a fixed base benefit.
Children under the age of 18 who have lost one or both parents, or children over 18 who are studying full-time, and children of a deceased single mother, receive a survivor's social pension.
Invalidity Benefits
In Russia, disability pensions are classified into insurance disability pensions for individuals with sufficient work experience and contributions, and state disability pensions for those who do not qualify for insurance pensions but meet specific criteria, such as military service.
Pensions vary based on the degree of disability (Groups I, II, and III), with higher payments for severe conditions: RUB 16,269.76 for Group I, RUB 8,134.88 for Group II, and RUB 4,067.44 for Group III as of January 2024. Any disability recognized through medical-social examination qualifies, regardless of whether it is work-related. Individuals eligible for retirement benefits may transition to old-age pensions with supplements for disabilities. Additional compensation is provided for occupational accident-related disabilities through a separate employer-funded insurance system, covering medical and rehabilitation expenses.
The Social Security Fund also provides temporary disability benefits for illness, injury, or caregiving for dependents, with specific rules. Social disability pensions are also provided for disabled individuals, children, and those disabled since childhood, regardless of retirement age.